Excision the whole brain was postfixed for no less than overnight by immersion in two PFA/3 glutaraldehyde in PBS. The cerebella wereLattke et al. Molecular Neurodegeneration (2017) 12:Page 19 ofAuthors’ contributions ML was responsible for experimental design and performed the majority of experiments within this study. He also analysed the data, wrote the manuscript, and edited the document. SNR characterised the IKK2-CASept4 mouse model, analysed correlation among microglia activation and Purkinje cell loss and performed all gene expression analyses in response to transgene inactivation. She also critically reviewed the manuscript and edited the document. AM carried out histological and biochemical analysis, analysed information and critically reviewed the manuscript. AA and VR performed high resolution MRI, analysed data and critically reviewed the manuscript. PW carried out electron microscopy evaluation, aided with information interpretation and critically revised the manuscript. DPC generated and characterised Rosa26-CAG-LSL-IKK2-CA mice and critically revised the manuscript. BF helped with experimental design, performed analysis of glutamate transporter status, analysed data and critically reviewed the manuscript. TW performed experimental design and data interpretation and wrote the manuscript. BB generated and established transgenic mouse models, was responsible for experimental design and data interpretation, wrote the manuscript, and edited the document. All authors study and approved the manuscript. Authors’ information and facts N/A. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Consent for publication N/A. Ethics approval All animal experiments have been approved by the Regierungspr idium T ingen and the Tierforschungszentrum, Ulm University, Germany. Human subjects consent to participate will not be applicable. Author particulars 1 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. 2Core Facility Modest Animal MRI, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. 3Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. four Immunity and Cancer Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK. 5CNS Diseases Analysis, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany. 6Neural Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.C-MPL, Human (HEK293, His) Received: 12 July 2016 Accepted: 9 FebruaryReferences 1.Streptavidin Magnetic Beads custom synthesis Bhat R, Steinman L.PMID:30125989 Innate and adaptive autoimmunity directed for the central nervous method. Neuron. 2009;64:123sirtuininhibitor2. two. Glass CK, Saijo K, Winner B, Marchetto MC, Gage FH. Mechanisms underlying inflammation in neurodegeneration. Cell. 2010;140:918sirtuininhibitor4. 3. Farina C, Aloisi F, Meinl E. Astrocytes are active players in cerebral innate immunity. Trends Immunol. 2007;28:138sirtuininhibitor5. four. Sofroniew MV, Vinters HV. Astrocytes: biology and pathology. Acta Neuropathol. 2010;119:7sirtuininhibitor5. five. Ben Haim L, Carrillo-de Sauvage MA, Ceyzeriat K, Escartin C. Elusive roles for reactive astrocytes in neurodegenerative ailments. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015; 9:278. six. Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C. NF-kappaB within the nervous system. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009;1:a001271. 7. Mattson MP, Meffert MK. Roles for NF-kappaB in nerve cell survival, plasticity, and disease. Cell Death Differ. 2006;13:852sirtuininhibito.