Ces of substance abuse, as well as HCV seropositivity and health care access. The capability of nurses to be present in an RDT facility and engage customers in discussions to demystify HCV danger components is important. Our study findings offer opportunities to market HCV danger reduction among customers post prison release.NIH-PA H1 Receptor custom synthesis Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptAcknowledgmentsThis study is funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1R01DA27213-
J Physiol 591.16 (2013) pp 3963NeuroscienceNitric oxide-dependent long-term depression but not endocannabinoid-mediated long-term potentiation is critical for visual recognition memoryFrancesco Tamagnini1,2 , Gareth Barker1 , E. Clea Warburton1 , Costanza Burattini2 , Giorgio Aicardi2,3 and Zafar I. Bashir1School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Healthcare Research Council Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Bristol University, Bristol, UK Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Generale, Universit` di Bologna, Bologna, Italia a three Centro Interdipartimentale `Luigi Galvani’ per lo studio integrato della Biofisica, della Bioinformatica e della Biocomplessit` , Bologna, Italia aKey pointsThe Journal of PhysiologyPerirhinal cortex (Prh) is critically involved in visual recognition NLRP1 Source memory and synaptic Nitric oxide and endocannabinoids (eCBs) have already been shown to act as retrograde messengers inplasticity.synaptic plasticity in quite a few brain regions, but no study has yet investigated their part in synaptic plasticity in Prh. Proof continues to be lacking of a retrograde messenger involved in synaptic plasticity in Prh. In this study, we show that NO is involved in long-term depression (LTD) but not in long-term potentiation (LTP). Conversely, eCBs are involved in LTP but not in LTD. Crucially, inhibiition of NO signalling prevents visual recognition memory acquisition, while inhibition of eCB signalling doesn’t influence recognition memory. These benefits recommend that LTD but not LTP is usually a neuronal correlate of visual recognition memory.Abstract Synaptic plasticity in perirhinal cortex is essential for recognition memory. Nitric oxide and endocannabinoids (eCBs), that are created in the postsynaptic cell and act around the presynaptic terminal, are implicated in mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in other brain regions. Within this study, we examine these two retrograde signalling cascades in perirhinal cortex synaptic plasticity and in visual recognition memory in the rat. We show that inhibition of NO-dependent signalling prevented each carbachol- and activity (five Hz)-dependent LTD but not activity (100 Hz theta burst)-dependent LTP within the rat perirhinal cortex in vitro. In contrast, inhibition with the eCB-dependent signalling prevented LTP but not the two forms of LTD in vitro. Regional administration into perirhinal cortex on the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NPA (2 M) disrupted acquisition of long-term visual recognition memory. In contrast, AM251 (10 M), a cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist, did not impair visual recognition memory. The outcomes of this study demonstrate dissociation amongst putative retrograde signalling mechanisms in LTD and LTP in perirhinal cortex. As a result, LTP relies on cannabinoid but not NO signalling, while LTD relies on NO- but not eCB-dependent signalling. Critically, these benefits also establish, for the first time, that NO- but not eCB-dependent signalling is vital in perirhinal cortex-dependent visual recognition memory.C2013 The Aut.