Ilar microbial neighborhood composition, whilst the Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) and model groups were in the identical cluster, which was in line together with the results of PCoA analysis.Foods 2021, 10,13 ofAs expected, the outcomes of species abundance cluster evaluation according to both phylum and genus levels showed that overt change in the composition of gut microbiota was observed within the model group compared with all the manage group as displayed in Figure 7B,C. In addition, Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2), and handle groups had related microbial neighborhood composition, while the Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) and model groups have been NPY Y4 receptor Agonist drug inside the same cluster, which was in line using the benefits of PCoA evaluation. 3.eight. Effects of Tea Extracts on the Composition of Gut Microbiota It has been demonstrated that the composition of gut microbiota was drastically influenced by chronic alcohol exposure [6]. Our study further identified that the gut microbiota composition was drastically influenced by alcohol consumption as well as the supplementation of tea extracts. As noticed from the Figure 8A,C, in the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, Actinobacteria, and Patescilbacteria were the most abundant bacteria inside the fecal samples of all groups (relative abundance 0.01 ). Compared with the manage group, chronic alcohol consumption significantly decreased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobi and Actinobacteria, and significantly enhanced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Epsilonbacteraeota. It has been identified that Proteobacteria could multiply inside the intestine to cope using the imbalance of microbial composition and was closely related with inflammation [54,55]. Moreover, gut microbiota dysbiosis resulted from alcohol was related to a rise in the abundance of Proteobacteria [56]. The remedy of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1) and Fu Brick Tea (DT1) extracts significantly inhibited alcohol-induced decrease in Verrucomicrobi and Actinobacteria, while the treatment of Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2) extracts additional decreased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobi. In addition, during this experiment, it was identified that the elevated phylum Proteobacteria induced by chronic alcohol consumption was decreased soon after the intervention of all tea extracts. This outcome was constant together with the elevated IL-6 and TNF- levels (caused by alcohol exposure), which were decreased by all tea extracts. This demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of those teas could be associated with their roles in restoring the gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was in agreement using a prior study [54]. In addition, the supplementation of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), and Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2) extracts remarkably reduced the relative abundance of Epsilonbacteraeota, β adrenergic receptor Inhibitor Biological Activity although Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) drastically enhanced it. Alternatively, compared using the control group, an growing trend in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, as well as a decreasing trend in that of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes have been observed in the model group, but there was no considerable difference. Having said that, the treatments of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), and Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2) extracts considerably decreased the.