Oole / Nkambe X. kobeli / Bangwa (CAS 249997) X. kobeli / Meganme (field ID: BJE 3073) muelleri group X. fischbergi* X. fischbergi* Click Click 138 119 1 1 1635 (8) 1767 (12) 2538 (201) 2839 (113) NR NR NR NR Trill or Burst Trill Trill Trill Burst Trill Trill 13 2 3 8 2 2 4 10.2 (3; 3?0) 77 (50; 42?112) 381.0 40.7 (39; 11?120) 2.5(2; 1?) 56.0 (8; 50?62) 29.3 (17; 9?3) 1328.3 (13; 1305?1357) harmonic stack harmonic stack 1798.8 (48.5; 1744?1879) 1634.5 (70; 1585?1684) 1544.5 (21; 1530?1559) 1916 (3; 1920?912) NR NR NR 2362.6 (25.6; 2412?2342) 2179.0 (134; 2084?2274) 2048.0 (11; 2040?2056) 2567.5 (3; jir.2010.0097 2564?2570) 20.4 (2; 18?26) 7.4 (1; 7?) 6.6 (0) 10.1 (0.2; 10?10) 23.9 18.3 (3; 16?20) 12.5 (6; 9?2) 13.8 (12; 1?7) 5.4 (6; 1?0) 111.9 (54.2) 7.5 (3; 4?2) NR 20.9 (4; 18?24) 14.5 (4; 12?21) Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst 2 2 2 4 11 14 34 14.0 (3; 12?16) 7.5 (1; 7?) 9.0 (3; 7?1) 12.4 (1; 11?14) 83.0 130.0 297.0 675.5 (67; 628?23) 530.5 (13; 521?40) 588.5 (141; 489?88) 543.6 (50; 491?02) 553.0 (22) 476.0 (4) 648.0 (24) NR NR NR NR 744.0 (11) 724.0 (14) NR 10.0 (0; 10?10) 9.2 (1; 9?0) 9.8 (0; 10?0) 10.1 (0; 10?11) 11.0 (0) 16.6 (3) 15.0 (1) 15.0 (3; 13?17) 6.5 (0; 6?) 2.6 (2; 1?) 7.3 (3; 4?2) 10.0 (4) 11.6 (6) 19.0 (10) Call Type # calls # pulses DF1 DF2 IPI IMEach row presents mean values across one or more calls within an individual, and includes the number of calls analyzed (#calls), the number (or average number) of pulses per call (# pulses), the first and second dominant frequencies (DF1 and DF2 respectively), the interpulse GSK343 chemical information interval (IPI), and the intensity modulation (IM). When more than one call was analyzed, the standard devation and range are in parentheses following the average value for each parameter. For some species, calls from multiple localities were analyzed; these localities are indicated after the species name. Quantification of some parameters was not possible or ambiguous, not applicable because the call is a harmonic stack, and/or are not reported (NR). Data for most other species are available in Tobias et al. (2011). For X. allofraseri there were insufficient data to distinguish between a trill-type or burst-type call, but sufficient information to be sure it was not a click-type call. * Data from Tobias et al. (2011); no standard deviations available for number of pulses; no ranges are available. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142823.tColoration in life.–Based on above specimens from mainland Cameroon, X. calcaratus ranges from medium grayish brown to dark gray, sometimes with dark brown spots on the dorsum (Figs 7 and S6 8). The interocular bar tends to be pale gray, rather indistinct, and the rostrum is a somewhat darker coloration than the dorsum. The venter and ventral surface of j.jebo.2013.04.005 the limbs are pale yellowish gray with indistinct marbling. The posterior parts of the venter, thighs, and throat may be darker in some individuals. Variation.–Variation in the lateral-line based on the referred specimens above from Bioko Island (n = 17, given as mean and range): orbital?10 (9?3); oral?10 (9?2); medial?16 (15?19); lateral?18 (15?1); ventral?17 (14?1) (Table 3).PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.purchase PF-04418948 0142823 December 16,19 /Six New Species of African Clawed Frog (Xenopus)Fig 6. Pictures of holotypes. Pictures of type specimens of resurrected and new species including X. calcaratus ZMB 8255A (lectotype), X. mellotropicalis NCSM 76797 (holotype), X. allofraseri CAS 207765 (holotype), X. eysoole MCZ A-138016 (holotype), X.Oole / Nkambe X. kobeli / Bangwa (CAS 249997) X. kobeli / Meganme (field ID: BJE 3073) muelleri group X. fischbergi* X. fischbergi* Click Click 138 119 1 1 1635 (8) 1767 (12) 2538 (201) 2839 (113) NR NR NR NR Trill or Burst Trill Trill Trill Burst Trill Trill 13 2 3 8 2 2 4 10.2 (3; 3?0) 77 (50; 42?112) 381.0 40.7 (39; 11?120) 2.5(2; 1?) 56.0 (8; 50?62) 29.3 (17; 9?3) 1328.3 (13; 1305?1357) harmonic stack harmonic stack 1798.8 (48.5; 1744?1879) 1634.5 (70; 1585?1684) 1544.5 (21; 1530?1559) 1916 (3; 1920?912) NR NR NR 2362.6 (25.6; 2412?2342) 2179.0 (134; 2084?2274) 2048.0 (11; 2040?2056) 2567.5 (3; jir.2010.0097 2564?2570) 20.4 (2; 18?26) 7.4 (1; 7?) 6.6 (0) 10.1 (0.2; 10?10) 23.9 18.3 (3; 16?20) 12.5 (6; 9?2) 13.8 (12; 1?7) 5.4 (6; 1?0) 111.9 (54.2) 7.5 (3; 4?2) NR 20.9 (4; 18?24) 14.5 (4; 12?21) Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst Burst 2 2 2 4 11 14 34 14.0 (3; 12?16) 7.5 (1; 7?) 9.0 (3; 7?1) 12.4 (1; 11?14) 83.0 130.0 297.0 675.5 (67; 628?23) 530.5 (13; 521?40) 588.5 (141; 489?88) 543.6 (50; 491?02) 553.0 (22) 476.0 (4) 648.0 (24) NR NR NR NR 744.0 (11) 724.0 (14) NR 10.0 (0; 10?10) 9.2 (1; 9?0) 9.8 (0; 10?0) 10.1 (0; 10?11) 11.0 (0) 16.6 (3) 15.0 (1) 15.0 (3; 13?17) 6.5 (0; 6?) 2.6 (2; 1?) 7.3 (3; 4?2) 10.0 (4) 11.6 (6) 19.0 (10) Call Type # calls # pulses DF1 DF2 IPI IMEach row presents mean values across one or more calls within an individual, and includes the number of calls analyzed (#calls), the number (or average number) of pulses per call (# pulses), the first and second dominant frequencies (DF1 and DF2 respectively), the interpulse interval (IPI), and the intensity modulation (IM). When more than one call was analyzed, the standard devation and range are in parentheses following the average value for each parameter. For some species, calls from multiple localities were analyzed; these localities are indicated after the species name. Quantification of some parameters was not possible or ambiguous, not applicable because the call is a harmonic stack, and/or are not reported (NR). Data for most other species are available in Tobias et al. (2011). For X. allofraseri there were insufficient data to distinguish between a trill-type or burst-type call, but sufficient information to be sure it was not a click-type call. * Data from Tobias et al. (2011); no standard deviations available for number of pulses; no ranges are available. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142823.tColoration in life.–Based on above specimens from mainland Cameroon, X. calcaratus ranges from medium grayish brown to dark gray, sometimes with dark brown spots on the dorsum (Figs 7 and S6 8). The interocular bar tends to be pale gray, rather indistinct, and the rostrum is a somewhat darker coloration than the dorsum. The venter and ventral surface of j.jebo.2013.04.005 the limbs are pale yellowish gray with indistinct marbling. The posterior parts of the venter, thighs, and throat may be darker in some individuals. Variation.–Variation in the lateral-line based on the referred specimens above from Bioko Island (n = 17, given as mean and range): orbital?10 (9?3); oral?10 (9?2); medial?16 (15?19); lateral?18 (15?1); ventral?17 (14?1) (Table 3).PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0142823 December 16,19 /Six New Species of African Clawed Frog (Xenopus)Fig 6. Pictures of holotypes. Pictures of type specimens of resurrected and new species including X. calcaratus ZMB 8255A (lectotype), X. mellotropicalis NCSM 76797 (holotype), X. allofraseri CAS 207765 (holotype), X. eysoole MCZ A-138016 (holotype), X.